Archive for March 2019

Marla believes herself to be hardworking, conscientious, and a team player; but when she received her job evaluations from her employer and peers, she was shocked to learn that she was not viewed as hardworking or as a team player. According to Rogers, Marla is experiencing

Marla believes herself to be hardworking, conscientious, and a team player; but when she received her job evaluations from her employer and peers, she was shocked to learn that she was not viewed as hardworking or as a team player. According to Rogers, Marla is experiencing



a.
incongruence.
b.
moral anxiety.
c.
organismic valuing.
d.
neurotic anxiety.


Answer: a

As Albert looks over the village in which he has been living for the last year as a Peace Corps volunteer, he begins to feel a sense of harmony and ecstasy as if he is at one with the universe. According to Abraham Maslow, Albert is experiencing

As Albert looks over the village in which he has been living for the last year as a Peace Corps volunteer, he begins to feel a sense of harmony and ecstasy as if he is at one with the universe. According to Abraham Maslow, Albert is experiencing



a.
nirvana.
b.
a peak experience.
c.
incongruence.
d.
depersonalization.


Answer: b

Humanism involves the view that

Humanism involves the view that



a.
personality is made up of instincts and unconscious forces.
b.
our behavior is controlled by genetics and learning.
c.
humans are a bundle of moldable responses.
d.
humans are creative beings capable of free choice.


Answer: d

Mark is very hungry. After class, he leaves the building and sees the signs of the fast food restaurants near the college. After seeing the signs, he gets in his car to satisfy his hunger. Dollard and Miller would describe Mark's hunger as a

Mark is very hungry. After class, he leaves the building and sees the signs of the fast food restaurants near the college. After seeing the signs, he gets in his car to satisfy his hunger. Dollard and Miller would describe Mark's hunger as a



a.
cue.
b.
habit.
c.
drive.
d.
response.


Answer: c

According to ____, personality is acquired through classical and operant conditioning, observational learning, reinforcement, extinction, generalization, and discrimination.

According to ____, personality is acquired through classical and operant conditioning, observational learning, reinforcement, extinction, generalization, and discrimination.



a.
behavioral personality theorists
b.
humanistic theorists
c.
trait theorists
d.
neo-Freudians


Answer: a

Criticisms of Freud's developmental theory have centered on

Criticisms of Freud's developmental theory have centered on



a.
the over-emphasis on sexuality in personality development.
b.
the need for a stern or threatening mother in the development of conscience.
c.
Freud's treatment of the father-daughter relationship.
d.
the unimportance of the first years of life in the formation of personality.


Answer: a

In an old movie, there were two friends who were always at odds with each other because one was compulsively neat and orderly, while his friend was extremely messy and disorganized. According to Freud, both men were fixated in the ____ stage.

In an old movie, there were two friends who were always at odds with each other because one was compulsively neat and orderly, while his friend was extremely messy and disorganized. According to Freud, both men were fixated in the ____ stage.



a.
oral
b.
phallic
c.
genital
d.
anal


Answer: d

According to Freud, the ego is governed by the

According to Freud, the ego is governed by the



a.
ego ideal.
b.
reality principle.
c.
pleasure principle.
d.
partial ego principle.


Answer: b

Freud became interested in the study of personality when he realized that

Freud became interested in the study of personality when he realized that



a.
many of his patients were faking symptoms.
b.
the treatment of psychological disorders was more advanced than those for physical disorders.
c.
his patients lacked physical causes for their problems.
d.
no comprehensive theories of the mind were widely accepted.


Answer: c

In the five-factor theory of personality, the dimension of ____ measures whether a person is self-disciplined, responsible, and achieving or irresponsible, careless, and undependable.

In the five-factor theory of personality, the dimension of ____ measures whether a person is self-disciplined, responsible, and achieving or irresponsible, careless, and undependable.



a.
neuroticism
b.
openness to experience
c.
agreeableness
d.
conscientiousness


Answer: d

The dimensions of the "Big Five" factor model of personality are

The dimensions of the "Big Five" factor model of personality are



a.
introversion, extroversion, neuroticism, stability, and agreeableness.
b.
extroversion, openness to experience, stability, egocentric, and neuroticism.
c.
extroversion, agreeableness, conscientious, neuroticism, and openness to experience.
d.
introversion, neuroticism, egocentric, intelligence, and control.


Answer: c

The concept of traits is used for

The concept of traits is used for



a.
situation specific behaviors.
b.
biologically-determined-characteristics.
c.
stable qualities a person shows in most situations.
d.
characteristics that are shared by a group or culture.


Answer: c

Michael's psychologist believes that Michael's depression is due to unconscious struggles he is experiencing over the relationship he had as a child with his hypercritical but overprotective mother. Michael's psychologist emphasizes the ____ theory of personality.

Michael's psychologist believes that Michael's depression is due to unconscious struggles he is experiencing over the relationship he had as a child with his hypercritical but overprotective mother. Michael's psychologist emphasizes the ____ theory of personality.




a.
psychodynamic
b.
behavioristic
c.
humanistic
d.
social learning


Answer: a

A personality type is

A personality type is



a.
the hereditary aspect of a person's personality.
b.
the subjective evaluation of a character.
c.
a style of personality defined by a group of related qualities.
d.
a stable, enduring quality that a person shows in most situations.


Answer: c

Heredity influences

Heredity influences



a.
one's body type.
b.
one's intelligence.
c.
one's behavioral tendencies.
d.
all of these.


Answer: d

Temperament refers to

Temperament refers to



a.
unique and enduring behavior patterns.
b.
learned traits of emotional response.
c.
hereditary emotional traits.
d.
charisma or character.


Answer: c

The term "character" refers to

The term "character" refers to



a.
unique and consistent behavior patterns.
b.
one's temperament.
c.
the hereditary aspects of one's emotional nature.
d.
favorable and unfavorable personal characteristics.


Answer: d

"Lindsey is a ""stay-at-home"" mother, who applied for her first job in ten years. The interviewer tells Lindsey that she did not get the job because of her lack of computer skills. Lindsey decides not to apply for anymore business positions, although she could take a computer short-course at the local community college to attain these skills. In regards to attaining a position at a company, Lindsey"

"Lindsey is a ""stay-at-home"" mother, who applied for her first job in ten years. The interviewer tells Lindsey that she did not get the job because of her lack of computer skills. Lindsey decides not to apply for anymore business positions, although she could take a computer short-course at the local community college to attain these skills. In regards to attaining a position at a company, Lindsey"


has created an imagined barrier.

has created a real barrier.

is exhibiting compensation.

is exhibiting reaction formation.


Answer: a

"Marian describes her typical day. She has to deal with carpooling, traffic delays, finding a parking place at her job, working through lunch, and then coming home to cook, clean, and help with homework. Marian has stated a number of"

"Marian describes her typical day. She has to deal with carpooling, traffic delays, finding a parking place at her job, working through lunch, and then coming home to cook, clean, and help with homework. Marian has stated a number of"


hassles.

conflicts.

regressions.

burnouts.


Answer: a

"Garrett has been feeling fatigued at work and has been experiencing more backaches and neckaches. Garrett believes that he must actively change aspects of his environment that contribute to his stress, such as utilizing stress-management techniques, getting more sleep, exercising more, and improving his diet. Garrett's view of health fits the"

"Garrett has been feeling fatigued at work and has been experiencing more backaches and neckaches. Garrett believes that he must actively change aspects of his environment that contribute to his stress, such as utilizing stress-management techniques, getting more sleep, exercising more, and improving his diet. Garrett's view of health fits the"


biopsychosocial model.

medical model.

mind-body perspective.

hypochondriasis perspective.


Answer: a

The technique of stress inoculation

The technique of stress inoculation




a. is characterized by all of these.

b. has been shown to reduce anxiety and depression and increase self-esteem.

c. involves learning to identify and monitor negative self-statements.

d. involves practicing a monologue of internal positive coping statements.


Answer: a

Physical symptoms and a tendency to make poor decisions are increased by

Physical symptoms and a tendency to make poor decisions are increased by




a. "negative thoughts and ""self-talk."""

b. being unrealistically optimistic about situations.

c. not focusing intently on your goals.

d. being too relaxed in stressful situations.


Answer: a

The tension-release method is another name for

The tension-release method is another name for




a. progressive relaxation.

b. guided imagery.

c. stress inoculation.

d. daily exercise sessions of ten minutes each at least three times a day.


Answer: a

Which of the following is FALSE regarding meditation?

Which of the following is FALSE regarding meditation?




a. Meditation is difficult to learn and may require a training course.

b. Meditation promotes relaxation by interrupting upsetting thoughts.

c. Listening to or playing music can be meditations of sorts.

d. Taking nature walks or enjoying hobbies can be meditations of sorts.


Answer: a

Gerry is an undergraduate at the local community college. He has just taken the College Life Stress Inventory and received a high score. This suggests that Gerry

Gerry is an undergraduate at the local community college. He has just taken the College Life Stress Inventory and received a high score. This suggests that Gerry



a. has been exposed to health-threatening levels of stress.

b. is socially more active than the average college student.

c. has a Type A personality.

d. "has a high rate of satisfaction with life, in general."


Answer: a


Which of the following is FALSE regarding social support?

Which of the following is FALSE regarding social support?




a. Sharing negative events with others tends to amplify these emotions and decrease social support.

b. Support from family and friends serves as a buffer to cushion the impact of stressful events.

c. "People with close, supportive relationships tend to be happy, hardy, optimistic, and healthy."

d. The sharing of good news is an important means by which positive events contribute to individual well-being.


Answer: a

"If Arnold is a ""manly man,"" we can predict that Arnold"

"If Arnold is a ""manly man,"" we can predict that Arnold"


a. will not ask for help from his friends and family when stressed.

b. "will tend to be happy, hardy, relaxed, and optimistic."

c. "is able to reduce his body's arousal when stressed, thus, limiting stress-related damage."

d. shows all of these characteristics.


Answer: a

Which of the following is NOT related to optimism?

Which of the following is NOT related to optimism?




a. effective use of defense mechanisms

b. dealing with problems head-on

c. less stress and better health

d. hardiness and happiness


Answer: a

"Jon is a salesman, who keeps a hostility log in which he records what happened each day, what he thought and felt, and what actions he took. He is also learning to be more assertive and to trust others and not blame them for his failures. Jon is using strategies to"

"Jon is a salesman, who keeps a hostility log in which he records what happened each day, what he thought and felt, and what actions he took. He is also learning to be more assertive and to trust others and not blame them for his failures. Jon is using strategies to"



a. reduce hostility.

b. become a Type A personality.

c. persuade other people and change their attitudes in order to become a more successful salesman.

d. become more achievement-oriented and aggressive rather than being passive-aggressive.


Answer: a

Which of the following statements is/are FALSE regarding the Type A personality?

Which of the following statements is/are FALSE regarding the Type A personality?




a. "While Type A behavior appears to promote heart disease, time urgency and overwork may be what triggers a heart attack."

b. One study on Type A personality found that 15 percent of a group of 25-year-old doctors and lawyers who scored high on a hostility test were dead by age 50.

c. Hundreds of studies have supported the validity of the Type A concept.

d. Seething with anger but not outwardly expressing it increases pulse rate and blood pressure and puts a tremendous strain on the heart.


Answer: a

"Gordon has been feeling fatigued at work and has been experiencing more backaches and neckaches. He goes to his doctor, hoping he can diagnose his condition and prescribe some medicine that will alleviate his problems. Gordon's view of health fits the"

"Gordon has been feeling fatigued at work and has been experiencing more backaches and neckaches. He goes to his doctor, hoping he can diagnose his condition and prescribe some medicine that will alleviate his problems. Gordon's view of health fits the"


medical model.

hypochondriasis perspective.

mind-body perspective.

biopsychosocial model.


Answer: a

Hypochondriacs suffer from

Hypochondriacs suffer from


a. imaginary diseases.

b. overactive endocrine glands.

c. stress-induced diseases.

d. feelings of inferiority.


Answer: a

"After coming to the U.S., Marta continued to speak only Portuguese and only interacted with others who had also immigrated from Brazil. She remains almost completely isolated from the American society in which she now resides. Marta's pattern of acculturation would be classified as ____ and her acculturative stress level as ____."

"After coming to the U.S., Marta continued to speak only Portuguese and only interacted with others who had also immigrated from Brazil. She remains almost completely isolated from the American society in which she now resides. Marta's pattern of acculturation would be classified as ____ and her acculturative stress level as ____."


separation; high

integration; low

assimilation; moderate

marginalization; high


Answer: a

Susceptibility to accidents and illness follows

Susceptibility to accidents and illness follows


a. "any major change, whether positive or negative."

b. excessive use of defense mechanisms.

c. "disaster and death, but not positive events."

d. those events whose impact is merely psychological.


Answer: a

"Jay's mother is always fussing at him about his messy room, his disorganized study habits, and his tendency to wait until the last minute to complete an assignment. Interestingly, when you observe Jay's mother, she also has these same shortcomings. By focusing on her son's bad habits, Jay's mother does not have to focus on her own bad habits. She is using the defense mechanism known as"

"Jay's mother is always fussing at him about his messy room, his disorganized study habits, and his tendency to wait until the last minute to complete an assignment. Interestingly, when you observe Jay's mother, she also has these same shortcomings. By focusing on her son's bad habits, Jay's mother does not have to focus on her own bad habits. She is using the defense mechanism known as"


projection.

reaction formation.

compensation.

sublimation.


Answer: a

"You must study for two tests within the next eight hours. Both tests should require six hours of study time, which is four hours more time than you have. You need to make a good grade on both tests. So, you begin studying for one test and then start thinking about the need to study for the other, so you switch to the other subject. You are experiencing ____ due to this ____ conflict."

"You must study for two tests within the next eight hours. Both tests should require six hours of study time, which is four hours more time than you have. You need to make a good grade on both tests. So, you begin studying for one test and then start thinking about the need to study for the other, so you switch to the other subject. You are experiencing ____ due to this ____ conflict."


a. vacillation; double approach-avoidance

b. freezing; avoidance-avoidance

c. "a reaction known as ""leaving the field""; approach-avoidance"

d. indecision; approach-approach


Answer: a

"Maggie has been frustrated in her attempts to make an A on her psychology quizzes. She has been reading the chapter three times before each of the quizzes. She made a D on the first four quizzes. If she continues using this strategy, psychologists would say that she is exhibiting a"

"Maggie has been frustrated in her attempts to make an A on her psychology quizzes. She has been reading the chapter three times before each of the quizzes. She made a D on the first four quizzes. If she continues using this strategy, psychologists would say that she is exhibiting a"


a. stereotyped behavior.

b. reaction formation.

c. displaced response.

d. double approach-avoidance conflict.


Answer: a

Scapegoating refers to

Scapegoating refers to


a. habitual redirection of aggression to some person or group.

b. use of apathy as a means of dealing with conflict.

c. a tendency to blindly repeat an unsuccessful response.

d. the act of attributing personal frustration to external causes.


Answer: a

"Which of the following would NOT be classified as an external, social frustration?"

"Which of the following would NOT be classified as an external, social frustration?"




a. "My goal is to go to medical school, but I have earned only D's."

b. My sister wore one of my dresses when I wanted to wear it.

c. My supervisor is unfair.

d. My history teacher grades too hard.



Answer: a

Common reactions to a traumatic experience include

Common reactions to a traumatic experience include




a. insomnia and nightmares.

b. depersonalization and mania.

c. food-bingeing and bulimia.

d. overworking and job burnout.


Answer: a

"Kirby and Marsha are college students. Kirby is always complaining about her class load and says she feels constantly fatigued. Although Marsha has a heavier class load and works part-time, Marsha rarely complains and does not appear as fatigued as Kirby. Which of the following statements is most likely TRUE?"

"Kirby and Marsha are college students. Kirby is always complaining about her class load and says she feels constantly fatigued. Although Marsha has a heavier class load and works part-time, Marsha rarely complains and does not appear as fatigued as Kirby. Which of the following statements is most likely TRUE?"




Kirby will experience more stress than Marsha because of her perceived lack of control.

Kirby is making up her fatigue and is only experience eustress.

Neither Marsha nor Kirby are really showing signs of stress.

Marsha is really more stressed than Kirby but is hiding it.


Answer: a

Which of the following would NOT be a solution to the problem of burnout?

Which of the following would NOT be a solution to the problem of burnout?




a. motivational seminars that encourage workers to double their efforts

b. increasing the amount of control people have in their jobs

c. building a social support system among the employees

d. redesigning requirements, work loads, and responsibilities required on the job


Answer: a

"Pam is looking forward to the weekend, but her boss needs her to stay late on Friday and come in on Saturday morning in order to rewrite a report from another employee. This report must get to the main office by Monday. With this unexpected work and short deadline, Pam can be expected to be feeling the element of stress known as"

"Pam is looking forward to the weekend, but her boss needs her to stay late on Friday and come in on Saturday morning in order to rewrite a report from another employee. This report must get to the main office by Monday. With this unexpected work and short deadline, Pam can be expected to be feeling the element of stress known as"


pressure.

burnout.

conflict.

eustress.


Answer: a

Good health-promoting behaviors include

Good health-promoting behaviors include




a. not smoking cigarettes.

b. no more than two alcoholic drinks per day.

c. providing for periods of relaxation every day.

d. all of these.


Answer: d

"To prevent disease, health psychologists first try to"

"To prevent disease, health psychologists first try to"




a. remove behavioral risk factors.

b. compensate for genetic predispositions.

c. use maintenance doses of medication.

d. use quarantines in alleviate the threat to healthy individuals.


Answer: a

"According to Vaillant and Mukamal, the health habits that people have by the time they are ____ will greatly affect their health, happiness, and life expectancy years later."

"According to Vaillant and Mukamal, the health habits that people have by the time they are ____ will greatly affect their health, happiness, and life expectancy years later."




a. 18 to 19 years of age

b. 10 to 12 years of age

c. 25 to 30 years of age

d. 40 to 45 years of age


Answer: a

Relative to skeletal muscle, smooth muscle

Relative to skeletal muscle, smooth muscle



A) only uses less energy to generate a given amount of force.
B) only can sustain contractile force without fatigue.
C) only uses calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum and extracellular space.
D) uses less energy to generate a given amount of force and can sustain contractile force without fatigue.
E) uses less energy to generate a given amount of force, can sustain contractile force without fatigue and uses calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum and extracellular space.


Answer: : E

An important difference between single-unit and multiunit smooth muscle is the

An important difference between single-unit and multiunit smooth muscle is the



A) numerous gap junctions in single-unit smooth muscle, which allow many cells to work together as a sheet.
B) longer actin and myosin filaments in multiunit smooth muscle, which allow coordination of contraction.
C) ability of single-unit fibers to change into multiunit fibers when advantageous.
D) closely controlled individual fibers in single-unit smooth muscle to allow fine control and graded contractions by selective activation.



Answer: : A

The force generated by a single muscle fiber can be increased by

The force generated by a single muscle fiber can be increased by



A) increasing frequency of action potentials only.
B) increasing muscle length beyond optimal only.
C) increasing the asynchrony of recruitment only.
D) increasing frequency of action potentials and increasing muscle length beyond optimal only.


Answer: : A

The factor(s) that determine the duration of a twitch in various types of fibers is the speed of the

The factor(s) that determine the duration of a twitch in various types of fibers is the speed of the



A) removal of Ca2+ ions from the sarcoplasm only.
B) hydrolysis of ATP only.
C) movement of Na+ across their membranes only.
D) removal of Ca2+ ions from the sarcoplasm and hydrolysis of ATP.
E) removal of Ca2+ ions from the sarcoplasm and hydrolysis of ATP and movement of Na+ across their membranes.


Answer: : A

Put these events in the correct chronological sequence:

Put these events in the correct chronological sequence:



1. End-plate potentials trigger action potentials.
2. Transverse tubules convey potentials into the interior of the cell.
3. Acetylcholine binds to receptors on the motor end plate.
4. Ca2+ is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum.


A) 1, 2, 3, 4
B) 3, 1, 2, 4
C) 2, 1, 4, 3
D) 3, 1, 4, 2
E) 4, 3, 2, 1


Answer: : B

Which of the following is NOT a correct comparison of cardiac myocytes to other muscle cell types?

Which of the following is NOT a correct comparison of cardiac myocytes to other muscle cell types? 



A) Like smooth muscle cells, some cardiac myocytes have pacemaker potentials.
B) Like some smooth muscle cells, cardiac myocytes are electrically coupled.
C) Like skeletal muscle cells, actin and myosin are organized into sarcomeres.
D) Like skeletal muscle, contraction of cardiac muscle is under autonomic nervous control.
E) Like smooth muscle cells, cardiac muscle is under hormonal control.


Answer: : D

Which of the following is NOT a property of single-unit smooth muscles?

Which of the following is NOT a property of single-unit smooth muscles? 



A) All smooth muscle cells are connected by gap junctions.
B) Their contraction occurs in a coordinated manner.
C) Electrical responses travel directly between cells.
D) Only a proportion of the smooth muscle cells receive autonomic nervous input.
E) Each cell functions independent of its neighbor.


Answer: : E

Smooth muscle cells lack which protein(s)?

Smooth muscle cells lack which protein(s)?



A) actin only
B) myosin only
C) troponin only
D) tropomyosin only
E) troponin and tropomyosin


Answer: : C

Compared to skeletal muscle, contraction of smooth muscle cells is

Compared to skeletal muscle, contraction of smooth muscle cells is



A) only a slower response to a stimulus.
B) only sustained without fatigue.
C) only controlled by the somatic nervous system.
D) a slower response to a stimulus and sustained without fatigue.
E) a slower response to a stimulus, sustained without fatigue, and controlled by the somatic nervous system.


Answer: : D

Which fibers fatigue sooner?

Which fibers fatigue sooner?



A) fast-twitch fibers
B) slow-twitch fibers


Answer: : A

Which fibers generate more force?

Which fibers generate more force?



A) fast-twitch fibers
B) slow-twitch fibers


Answer: : A

Which of the following statements is NOT correct regarding the motor units and their activation?

Which of the following statements is NOT correct regarding the motor units and their activation?



A) A motor unit in muscles of gross movement can have thousands of muscle cells.
B) All muscle fibers in a single motor unit are of the same fiber type.
C) A weak contractile stimulus activates fast-twitch motor units.
D) The metabolic capacity of muscle fibers within a motor unit can be altered.
E) At its peak intensity, a contractile stimulus will activate muscle fibers that are easily fatigued.


Answer: : C

Motor units that control skeletal muscles involved with fine motor movements (eye muscles or the hands) have ________ muscle fibers than motor units that control more gross movements (gastrocnemius muscle of the lower leg).

Motor units that control skeletal muscles involved with fine motor movements (eye muscles or the hands) have ________ muscle fibers than motor units that control more gross movements (gastrocnemius muscle of the lower leg).




A) more
B) fewer
C) the same number of


Answer: : B

A motor unit consists of

A motor unit consists of



A) one neuron and all the skeletal muscle fibers it controls.
B) one skeletal muscle fiber and all the neurons that control that fiber.
C) one skeletal muscle fiber and the neuron that controls that fiber.
D) one axon terminal branch and the myofibrils it controls.


Answer: : A

When comparing complete tetanus with unfused (incomplete) tetanus, which is true?

When comparing complete tetanus with unfused (incomplete) tetanus, which is true?



A) Complete tetanus involves some relaxation between twitches.
B) Complete tetanus involves development of maximum tension.
C) Complete tetanus occurs at a lower frequency of stimulation than unfused tetanus.
D) Complete tetanus would occur when there is more time between twitch contractions.


Answer: : B

The speed with which force is developed by skeletal muscles is determined by the

The speed with which force is developed by skeletal muscles is determined by the



A) Ca2+ ATPase activity.
B) sarcoplasmic calcium concentration.
C) myosin ATPase isoform.
D) Ca2+ ATPase activity and sarcoplasmic calcium concentration.
E) Ca2+ ATPase activity, myosin ATPase isoform, and sarcoplasmic calcium concentration.


Answer: : C

Which of the following is a characteristic of slow-twitch oxidative skeletal muscle fibers?

Which of the following is a characteristic of slow-twitch oxidative skeletal muscle fibers?



A) long contraction duration only
B) few mitochondria only
C) high capillary density only
D) long contraction duration and high capillary density
E) long contraction duration, few mitochondria, and high capillary density


Answer: : D

Muscle fatigue arises primarily from failure in

Muscle fatigue arises primarily from failure in



A) neuromuscular transmission.
B) initiation of contraction by the motor cortex.
C) excitation-contraction coupling.
D) signal relay from brain to spinal cord.
E) calcium pumps in the skeletal muscles.


Answer: : C

The hydrolysis of ATP causes myosin to immediately

The hydrolysis of ATP causes myosin to immediately



A) swivel, moving the actin molecule.
B) release of ADP.
C) release from the actin.
D) rotate into a position (cocked) to bind to actin.
E) bind more tightly to the actin (rigor).


Answer: : D

The molecular event that occurs immediately after the power stroke is the

The molecular event that occurs immediately after the power stroke is the



A) release of actin from the myosin head.
B) hydrolysis of ATP by the myosin head.
C) release of ADP from the myosin.
D) binding of tropomyosin to the myosin.
E) binding of actin to the myosin.


Answer: : C

Each myosin head has a binding site for

Each myosin head has a binding site for



A) calcium only.
B) actin only.
C) ATP only.
D) calcium and ATP.
E) actin and ATP.


Answer: : E

In order for high force cross bridges to form in contracting skeletal muscle, calcium must

In order for high force cross bridges to form in contracting skeletal muscle, calcium must



A) bind to calmodulin to phosphorylate the myosin.
B) phosphorylate the tropomyosin which moves it.
C) phosphorylate the troponin to move the tropomyosin.
D) bind to tropomyosin which moves the troponin.
E) bind to troponin which moves the tropomyosin.


Answer: : E

When a skeletal muscle cell contracts and the muscle shortens,

When a skeletal muscle cell contracts and the muscle shortens,



A) myosin heads generate a single power stroke.
B) the position of an actin molecule relative to a myosin molecule does not change.
C) some myosin heads are forming crossbridges as others are releasing them.
D) the actin ATPase allows the actin molecule to swivel.
E) the actin molecule swivels during the power stroke.


Answer: : C

When a skeletal muscle generates enough force during contraction to shorten,

When a skeletal muscle generates enough force during contraction to shorten, 



A) only the sarcomere will shorten.
B) only the A band will shorten.
C) only the I band will shorten.
D) the sarcomere and the I band will shorten.
E) the sarcomere, the A band and the I band will shorten.


Answer: : D

The function of the titin protein is to

The function of the titin protein is to 



A) stabilize the position of the contractile filaments.
B) pull Z lines together during contraction.
C) interact with actin during contraction.
D) release calcium during contraction.
E) cover the myosin binding site on the actin molecule.


Answer: : A

The H zone contains

The H zone contains



A) thick filaments.
B) thin filaments only.
C) actin only.
D) thick and thin filaments.


Answer: : A

The I band contains

The I band contains 



A) thick filaments only.
B) thin filaments only.
C) myosin only.
D) thick and thin filaments.


Answer: : B

The function of transverse tubules is to

The function of transverse tubules is to



A) store Ca2+ ions inside the muscle fiber.
B) rapidly conduct action potentials to the interior of the muscle fiber.
C) ensure a supply of glycogen throughout the muscle sarcoplasm.
D) conduct ATP molecules out of the mitochondria throughout the sarcoplasm.


Answer: : B
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