Psychology Chapter 3
Showing posts with label Psychology Chapter 3. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Psychology Chapter 3. Show all posts

Evolutionary psychologists believe that adaptation through natural selection occurs with psychological traits just as it does with physical characteristics. To be considered an adaptation, a trait must satisfy three criteria. Which of the following is NOT one of these criteria?

Evolutionary psychologists believe that adaptation through natural selection occurs with psychological traits just as it does with physical characteristics. To be considered an adaptation, a trait must satisfy three criteria. Which of the following is NOT one of these criteria?




a. The trait must vary among members of the species.

b. The trait must help individuals to survive or reproduce.

c. The trait must be inheritable.

d. The trait must continue to mutate.


Answer: D. The trait must continue to mutate.

How does the nervous system control the endocrine system?

How does the nervous system control the endocrine system?




a. The hippocampus controls the pituitary.

b. The hypothalamus controls the pituitary.

c. The pituitary controls the hippocampus.

d. The pituitary controls the hypothalamus.


Answer: B. The hypothalamus controls the pituitary.

What is a reasonable explanation for the finding that artists and architects are proportionately more likely to be left handed?

What is a reasonable explanation for the finding that artists and architects are proportionately more likely to be left handed?




a. The left hemisphere, which usually plays a more important role in spatial tasks, is dominant in left-handed people.

b. Right-handed people are less able to access their right hemispheres.

c. Right-handed people are less able to access their left hemispheres.

d. The right hemisphere, which usually plays a more important role in spatial tasks, is dominant in left-handed people.


Answer: D. The right hemisphere, which usually plays a more important role in spatial tasks, is dominant in left-handed people.

A woman was in a car accident and suffered an injury to her head. Although a three-dimensional image of her brain is needed to help decide what treatment would be best, any method using chemicals or radiation cannot be used because she is pregnant. As her doctor, what type of scan would you recommend?

A woman was in a car accident and suffered an injury to her head. Although a three-dimensional image of her brain is needed to help decide what treatment would be best, any method using chemicals or radiation cannot be used because she is pregnant. As her doctor, what type of scan would you recommend?



a. a PET scan
b. a CT scan
c. an MRI
d. an EEG


Answer: C. an MRI

Random variability exists because

Random variability exists because



a. relationships between variables are rarely perfect.
b. relationships between variables can only be positive or negative.
c. curvilinear relationships exist.
d. relationships between variables can only be monotonic.

Answer: relationships between variables are rarely perfect.

Igor notices that the more time he spends working in the laboratory, the more familiar he becomes with the standard laboratory procedures. What type of relationship does this observation represent?

Igor notices that the more time he spends working in the laboratory, the more familiar he becomes with the standard laboratory procedures. What type of relationship does this observation represent?



a. Curvilinear
b. Positive
c. Negative
d. No relationship

Answer: Positive

An experimenter had one group of participants eat ice cream that was packaged in a red carton, whereas another group of participants ate the same flavoured ice cream from a green carton. Participants then indicated how much they liked the ice cream by rating the taste on a 1-5 scale. The independent variable in this experiment was the

An experimenter had one group of participants eat ice cream that was packaged in a red carton, whereas another group of participants ate the same flavoured ice cream from a green carton. Participants then indicated how much they liked the ice cream by rating the taste on a 1-5 scale. The independent variable in this experiment was the



a. ice cream ratings.
b. flavour of the ice cream.
c. colour of the carton.
d. gender of the participant.

Answer: colour of the carton.

By employing randomization, the researcher ensures that

By employing randomization, the researcher ensures that



a. participants are manipulated at random.
b. one group is different than the other.
c. any extraneous factor is as likely to affect one group as it is to affect the other.
d. participants are unable to choose their preferred group.

Answer: any extraneous factor is as likely to affect one group as it is to affect the other

A researcher observed that drinking coffee improved performance on complex math problems up to a point. The researcher also noted, however, that excessive coffee drinking actually interferes with problem solving. What type of relationship was observed?

A researcher observed that drinking coffee improved performance on complex math problems up to a point. The researcher also noted, however, that excessive coffee drinking actually interferes with problem solving. What type of relationship was observed?



a. Curvilinear
b. No relationship
c. Positive
d. Negative

Answer: Curvilinear

If a positive relationship between the amount of candy consumed and the amount of weight gained in a month exists, what should the results be like?

If a positive relationship between the amount of candy consumed and the amount of weight gained in a month exists, what should the results be like? 




a. The less candy consumed, the more weight that is gained
b. Amount of candy consumed has no effect on the weight that is gained
c. The more candy consumed, the less weight that is gained
d. The more candy consumed, the more weight that is gained

Answer: The more candy consumed, the more weight that is gained
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