Culture and Nature
Showing posts with label Culture and Nature. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Culture and Nature. Show all posts

According to your text, which of the following makes us most human?

According to your text, which of the following makes us most human?




a. The size of our brain size relative to our body size
b. The fact that we walk upright
c. The fact that we communicate by talking
d. The degree to which our life is enmeshed with culture




Answer: D

Which of the following famous social psychological studies best illustrates the idea that humans tend to "put people first"?

Which of the following famous social psychological studies best illustrates the idea that humans tend to "put people first"?




a. Philip Zimbardo's "Stanford prison" research on the power of the situation in affecting human behavior
b. Stanley Milgram's "shocking" research on obedience to authority
c. Solomon Asch's "line judgment" research on conformity
d. Claude Steele's research on "stereotype threat"





Answer: C

Recall Solomon Asch's famous line-judging studies. In these studies, research subjects were asked to make judgments about unambiguous stimuli. They were asked to do this while in the presence of confederates who consistently gave incorrect responses. According to the textbook, one of the important conclusions to be drawn from Asch's research is that ____.

Recall Solomon Asch's famous line-judging studies. In these studies, research subjects were asked to make judgments about unambiguous stimuli. They were asked to do this while in the presence of confederates who consistently gave incorrect responses. According to the textbook, one of the important conclusions to be drawn from Asch's research is that ____.




a. people look to authority figures for information—rather than to the environment
b. people look to authority figures for information—rather than to one another
c. people look to the environment for information—rather than to one another
d. people look to one another for information—rather than to the environment



Answer: D

Compared to other animals' sensory organs, humans' sensory organs are especially good at ____.

Compared to other animals' sensory organs, humans' sensory organs are especially good at ____.




a. noticing right away if there is a person in the distance, even if that person is very far away
b. distinguishing the faces of two very similar-looking people
c. hearing sounds that are very high or low frequency
d. remembering sensory information






Answer: B

In describing general patterns in human nature, the textbook discusses the notion of "putting people first." This is the idea that most of the time, ____.

In describing general patterns in human nature, the textbook discusses the notion of "putting people first." This is the idea that most of the time, ____.




a. people act in an altruistic (charitable) way toward others
b. people act in a self-interested way
c. people look to other people (rather than the environment) for information
d. people have more respect for other people than they do for themselves






Answer: C

Suppose that you were trying to find of a good place to eat. Research suggests that if you were a dog, you would ____, but that if you were a human you would ____.

Suppose that you were trying to find of a good place to eat. Research suggests that if you were a dog, you would ____, but that if you were a human you would ____.



a. look to the environment (e.g., walk around and try to find something good); look to other humans (e.g., ask a friend)
b. look to the environment (e.g., walk around and try to find something good); also look to the environment
c. look to other dogs (e.g., look to see what other dogs were up to); look to other humans (e.g., ask a friend)
d. look to other dogs (e.g., look to see what other dogs were up to); look to the environment (e.g., drive around and try to find something good)




Answer: A

Olivia is thinking about applying to law school, but doesn't have a good feeling for how much she would enjoy it and whether law would be the right career path for her. If she is like most people, she will be most likely to start exploring the idea of law school by ____.

Olivia is thinking about applying to law school, but doesn't have a good feeling for how much she would enjoy it and whether law would be the right career path for her. If she is like most people, she will be most likely to start exploring the idea of law school by ____.



a. observing other law students or lawyers, to see whether she can identify with them, or see herself in their shoes
b. reflecting upon personal experiences she has had that might be relevant to law school (e.g., the time she spent on the debate team in high school), and thinking about how much she got out of those experiences
c. talking to friends, family, and fellow students to solicit their input and advice
d. going online or to the library and looking at hard core demographic statistics, to see whether she fits the "right" demographic profile





Answer: C

If Barack Obama is like most politicians, then he probably ____.

If Barack Obama is like most politicians, then he probably ____.



a. overemphasized political trade-offs the first time he ran for office, but disregarded them when he was running for reelection
b. overemphasized political trade-offs when he was running for reelection, but disregarded them the first time he ran for office
c. disregarded political trade-offs the first time he ran for office as well as when he was running for reelection
d. disregarded political trade-offs when in office as well as when running for reelection






Answer: C

Politicians frequently face the trade-off of ____ to help assure that they will get elected versus ____ and possibly jeopardizing their chances of getting reelected.

Politicians frequently face the trade-off of ____ to help assure that they will get elected versus ____ and possibly jeopardizing their chances of getting reelected.



a. oversimplifying issues; being honest about the complexity of issues
b. being honest about the complexity of issues; oversimplifying issues
c. acting based on the automatic system; acting based on the conscious system
d. acting based on the conscious system; acting based on the automatic system





Answer: A

In speeches about political policies, politicians tend to ____.

In speeches about political policies, politicians tend to ____.




a. grossly overemphasize trade-offs when they are running for office.
b. ignore trade-offs when they are running for office.
c. grossly overemphasize trade-offs once they are in office.
d. ignore trade-offs once they are in office.






Answer: B

Do politicians acknowledge the trade-offs that are inherent to political decisions?

Do politicians acknowledge the trade-offs that are inherent to political decisions?




a. No; politicians appear to be unaware of these trade-offs.
b. Yes; politicians appear to hyper-aware of trade-offs, and acknowledge them much more than the average person.
c. Politicians tend to be upfront about these trade-offs when running for office, but generally fail to acknowledge trade-offs once they are in office.
d. Politicians tend to downplay or ignore trade-offs when running for office, though they seem to acknowledge trade-offs once they are in office.






Answer: D

When faced with a time trade-off, nature tends to ____.

When faced with a time trade-off, nature tends to ____.




a. care more about the present than the future
b. care more about the past than the present
c. care more about the past than the future
d. care more about the future than the present






Answer: A

For most people, going to college requires sacrificing immediate comforts and pleasures for the sake of a better future life. That is, for most people, college is ____.

For most people, going to college requires sacrificing immediate comforts and pleasures for the sake of a better future life. That is, for most people, college is ____.




a. an exercise in delay of gratification
b. a way to avoid natural selection
c. an example of how the automatic mind supersedes the conscious mind
d. an example of "peace versus war" psychology




Answer: A
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