A researcher wants to examine the effect of room temperature on task performance. She places one group of participants in a room that is 54 degrees, a second group in a room that is 72 degrees, and a third in a room that is 90 degrees. She then measures the amount of time it takes each group to complete an identical task. This design would best represent a(n) _______ design.
a. repeated measures
b. three-group pretest-posttest
c. independent groups
d. pretest-posttest
Answer: independent groups