_______ is the most abundant ion in the body important for blood coagulation, neurotransmitter release, muscle tone, and excitability of nerves and muscles.
A. sodium
B. chloride
C. potassium
D. calcium
Answer: D
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Applied Physiology
- Glucose enters the PCT via __________.
- In the respiratory response of the physiological delayed-action buffer system, CO2 mixes with water in the blood to form_________.
- Under normal conditions, 100% of filtered glucose, amino acid, lactic acid, water soluble vitamins, and other nutrients are reabsorbed in the first half of the PCT by ____________.
- In the phosphate buffer system, if pH falls, monohydrogen phosphate (HPO4 2-) acts as a weak acid.
- Facultative water reabsorption is regulated by ADH adapting to the body's needs if the individual is dehydrated or hydrated.
- The the carbonic acid-bicarbonate buffer system, if pH rises ______ functions as a weak acid adding hydrogen ions to restore the body's pH.
- About 90% of water reabsorption by the kidneys occurs with which of the following solutes?
- As blood flows through the systemic capillaries, CO2 is released from tissues into the RBC's, combines with H2O forming ________.
- Paracellular reabsorption occurs via ________.
- Hemoglobin is a good buffer and especially important during exercise, and falls under the category of a __________ buffer system.
- (T/F) Transport mechanisms are important for reabsorbing sodium ions, as well as other electrolytes, nutrients and water.
- __________ is when water and solutes in tubular fluid return to circulation by passing through the tubule.
- In the protein buffer system, when pH falls, ______ dissociates and acts like a base to restore the body's pH.
- Tubular reabsorption transfer materials from blood and tubule cells and helps control blood pH as well as elimination of metabolic and toxic waste.
- Buffer systems of the body prevent rapid, drastic changes in pH of the body fluid.
- In the autoregulation of GFR, which of the following is part of the renal autoregulation?
- The buffer system of the body are extremely effective on maintaining the body's pH within a very narrow range of __________.
- A normal adult produces roughly ______ liters of filtrate per day.
- Which of the following statement is true if there is an increase in hydrogen ions in the body's fluid?
- Which of the following NOT a mechanism that regulates glomerular filtration rate?
- Which one of the following increases hydrogen ion concentration in the body?
- Which formula gives a net filtration pressure of 10 mmHg?
- The normal pH of extracellular fluid is _________.
- Glomerular filtration depends on three main pressure and _______ oppose filtration at 30mmHg.
- The precise regulation of pH at the cellular level is necessary for survival.